Objectives of social research1

Research methodology example

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Scientists experiment various social, scientific and other issues. Researcher adopt different available research methodologies that suits their study better. 

Research as a scientific tool helps these researchers to measure sample data with as minimum as possible biases and much higher accuracy rate. This helps them to confidently put forth a conclusion to the society knowing that the data gathered is legit and the results drawn from the studies are systematic and statistically sensible. 

Researchers adopt various methods of research which best suits their study. In this article we will be seeing various types of research methodology that are classified based on their common features and use.

In this article we will be seeing examples types of research methodology and their basic purpose in a tabular format for better understanding:

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Research Methodology Example

methodology 

Purpose  

Example 

Theoretical research

It is used when the researcher wants to just gather more information about a particular topic without considering its practical working

A social research was conducted to understand the economical mentality of the middle class citizens

Applied research

It is used to address the STEM fields such as engineering, medicine, etc. which are more closely connected to human lives with their actual applications

A business can analyze the customers purchase strategies and plan the marketing accordingly

Exploratory research

It is used as a preliminary study for the topics about which there is no deeper knowledge explored yet

A study conducted to understand the relation between millennials and social media usage

Descriptive research

It just focuses on finding out the characteristics the phenomena shows rather than the factors that causes it

Investigating the standard of living in rural and urban areas

Qualitative research

It is used collect, compare, analyse large descriptive data from the sample

Study conducted to understand the effects of exercise on health

Quantitative research 

It collects the data through quantitative and close-ended questions and the data is analysed using statistics, mathematical and computerized tools

Conducting a survey on the likes and dislikes of the customers regarding clothing

Experimental research

It is used to measure the cause-effect relationship between two variables with random sampling

Experiment to test a new drug in the market on patients

Non-experimental research

It is used as an observational study where participants have experimented in their environment

A study on the effects of a certain education program on a batch of students

Quasi-experimental research 

It is similar to experimental but the sampling is not random but studied

A study conducted to know the effects of eating more cheese have on bad breath

Deductive research 

It focuses on explaining the reality with the help of general laws referring to certain conclusions

Research conducted to prove that bad domestic treatment can cause anger issues in children

Inductive research 

It is also an observational study that focuses on achieving generalised results

A study is conducted to understand the symptoms of the new Covid variant

Hypothetical-deductive investigation

It first formulated the hypothesis based on basic observation and then uses deductive investigation to conclude the study which will in return reject or accept the hypothesis

Research is conducted to test a hypothesis that diabetic patients have fewer wound healing capabilities

Longitudinal study 

It aims to track the changes in the subject over time

To study the health of a patient under treatment over several weeks

Cross-sectional study

It focuses on observing events, individual or groups of subjects over time

To study the health of 10 patients under the same treatment over several weeks

Primary research

Researchers themselves gather data that is specific to their study and is more reliable since it is first-hand information. 

Secondary research

A researcher decides to study the Covid variant that has very few cases in the country

Secondary research 

Researchers use available material like research papers, interviews, documentaries as a source of data and information in their research

A researcher makes use of pre-existing research papers for his assignment experiment

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