How to do a t test in excel: a step-by-step guide

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We there are various methods to calculate the t-test, like calculating it manually, using a statistical programming language and so on.

In this article we will be looking at step-by-step process of how you can perform the t-test in excel. Let’s start:

Step 1: Data analysis add-in

Make sure you have the Data analysis add-in installed in your excel.

Go to excel and click on “Data” menu. You should be able to see the data analysis tool in the end like below:

If you don’t already have the Data analysis tool, follow the below steps to get in installed:

File > Options > Add-ins > Select the “Analysis ToolPak” > Go > Tick the “Analysis ToolPak” checkbox > Ok

You can follow the step 1 and see, you will have the Data analysis tool installed.

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Step 2: Arrange your data in a tabular format

Step 3: Click on the “Data” tab and select the “Data analysis” tool.

You will see an option box where there are various tests you can perform in excel. From the options, select the t-test option and click “ok”

Step 4: Another box will ask you to select two variable ranges. Select the first variable range and drag and select the “Sample 1” values. Do the same with the second variable range.

Note that the Alpha value is set to 0.05 by default and it needs not be changed.

After doing the changes, click on “Ok”

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Step 5: The results will appear in a new worksheet like below:

Depending on your experiment, the most important p value is highlighted in pink.

Since you set your alpha value at 0.05, if the p-value is less than 0.05, you can say that there is a statistically significant difference between the means of your two trials. In our example

p = 2.07 x 10-13 is less than 0.05 hence, the difference is significant.

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Shortcut

There is a way to calculate the t-test in just one step, provided you are interested in just the p value.

Select any cell and enter this syntax in the cell formula: T.TEST(array1, array2,tails,type)

The array A2:A11 refers the sample 1 and B2:B11 refers the sample 2.

The first 2 is for two-tails and the other 2 is for the type referring:

1 = paired test

2 = two sample equal variance test

3 = two sample unequal variance test

We will get the same p value as we calculated before.

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